Местоимения: Личные и притяжательные местоимения
Личные и притяжательные местоимения являются одними из самых распространенных типов местоимений. Они используются для обозначения людей или вещей и меняют свою форму в зависимости от грамматического падежа, числа и рода.
1. Личные местоимения
Personal pronouns refer to the speaker, the person being spoken to, or the person/thing being spoken about. They have two cases: subjective (used for the subject of a sentence) and objective (used for the object of a verb or preposition).
| Человек | Число | Субъектный | Объектный |
|---|---|---|---|
| First | Единственное число | I | me |
| First | Множественное число | we | us |
| Second | Единственное/Множественное | you | you |
| Third | Единственное число | he / she / it | him / her / it |
| Third | Множественное число | they | them |
Примеры:
- She went to the park with us.
- They gave the gift to him.
2. Притяжательные местоимения
Possessive pronouns show ownership and stand alone as a noun. They are different from possessive adjectives (e.g., my, your, his), which must be followed by a noun.
| Притяжательное прилагательное | Притяжательное местоимение | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| my | mine | That is my book. The book is mine. |
| your | yours | Is this your car? Is this car yours? |
| his / her / its | his / hers / its | Her house is bigger than his. |
| our | ours | That is our house. The house is ours. |
| their | theirs | Their dog is big. The big dog is theirs. |
Note that his and its are the same in both forms.