Правила согласования глаголов
Subject-verb agreement is the grammatical rule that states the verb in a sentence must agree in number (singular or plural) with its subject. This is a crucial rule for forming correct sentences in English.
Основные правила
Самое основное правило состоит в том, что подлежащее в единственном числе требует глагола в единственном числе, а подлежащее во множественном числе — глагола во множественном числе.
| Тип подлежащего | Тип глагола | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| Singular Subject | Singular Verb | The dog chases the cat. |
| Plural Subject | Plural Verb | The dogs chase the cat. |
Особые случаи и исключения
Собирательные существительные
Collective nouns (e.g., team, family, government) can be tricky. The verb agreement depends on whether the group is acting as a single unit or as individual members.
| Использование | Пример |
|---|---|
| As a single unit (singular verb) | The team is playing today. |
| As individuals (plural verb) | The team are putting on their shoes. |
Существительные, соединенные 'and' (и)
When two or more subjects are joined by and, use a plural verb.
- Maria and Tom are going to the store.
Однако, если два существительных относятся к одному человеку или идее, используйте глагол в единственном числе.
- Macaroni and cheese is my favorite dish.
Существительные, соединенные 'or' (или) или 'nor' (ни)
When subjects are joined by or or nor, the verb agrees with the subject closest to it.
- Neither the student nor the teachers know the answer.
- Neither the teachers nor the student knows the answer.